The main task of the Federal Council is to govern. It continuously assesses the political situation, determines the objectives of state governance and the means of achieving them, manages their realisation and represents the Confederation both at home and abroad.
The Federal Council’s areas of responsibility are described in Articles 180 to 187 of the Federal Constitution. The first of these articles deals with government policy, i.e. the task of governing. The Federal Constitution explains what is to be understood by this:
- the Federal Council decides on the objectives of federal government policy and the means by which they should be achieved;
- the Federal Council informs the general public in good time about its activities.
Other Federal Council tasks
Making and implementing the law
The Federal Council submits proposals to parliament on how to implement popular initiatives and acts of parliament. The Federal Council also has the power to issue ordinance containing implementing provisions for acts of parliament. The implements Federal Assembly decrees that are not subject to a referendum, such as mandates to conduct planning activities.
Managing the federal finances
The Federal Council manages the federal budget. This means that is submits a multi-year financial plan and an annual budget to parliament. It renders account to parliament on how revenues have been used in the state financial statements.
Responsible for Switzerland's security
The Federal Council is responsible for Switzerland's foreign relations and for all domestic and foreign aspects of national security. It is authorised to issue ordinances and administrative rulings in these two sectors whenever national security so requires. If necessary, it can mobilise the armed forces in order to safeguard Switzerland's security.
Cultivating good relations with the cantons
Under the Federal Constitution, the cantons are largely autonomous. The Federal Council's tasks therefore include cultivating good relations and working with the cantons.
Heading the Federal Administration
Lastly, the Federal Council heads the Federal Administration with its 38,000 members of staff. The Federal Administration is structured in departments; each member of the Federal Council heads one department.
